Mece ce na'urar VAR kuma me ya sa ta ke haifar da ce-ce-ku-ce a Gasar cin Kofin Duniya?

Na'urar da ke taimakawa alƙalin wasa na bidiyo (VAR) ta kasance babbar abin tattaunawa a gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2026, amma muhawara kan amfaninta ko akasin haka ya kai wani sabon mataki ne bayan nasarar da Argentina ta samu kan Masar a wasan zagaye na ƴan 16 a ranar 7 ga watan Yuli.

Ƙasar ta Afirka, ta jagoranci wasan da ci 2-0 har zuwa lokacin da ya rage saura minti 11a tashi wasan kafin Argentina ta farfaɗo ta ci ƙwallo uku a ƙarshen wasan, lamarin da ya sa Masar ta fusata bayan an kashe kwallon da ta ci, da kuma iƙirarin cewa an hana ta bugun fenariti a ƙarshen wasa, wanda VAR ba ta shiga tsakani ba.

"Wataƙila suna son masu riƙe da kambun gasar su ci gaba da kasancewa a gasar. Wataƙila suna son Messi ya ci gaba da fafatawa a gasar," in ji Kocin Masar Hossam Hassan bayan wasan.

Ƴan wasan Masar sun fusata musamman da hukuncin da aka yi musu na a hana ƙwallon da Mostafa Zico ya ci a rabin lokaci na biyu lokacin da suke kan gaba da ci 1-0, bayan da aka hukunta ɗan wasan tsakiya Marwan Attia saboda taka Lisandro Martinez kafin aka ci ƙwallon.

Sun dage cewa an yi wa Mohamed Salah ƙeta a irin wannan ɗa'ira ta 18 din Argentina ƴan daƙiƙa kaɗan kafin masu riƙe da kambun gasar su ci ƙwallonsu na uku, amma ba a ɗauki wani mataki ba. A dukkan waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru, an yi tambaya game da rawar da VAR ke takawa.

Mece ce na'urar VAR kuma ya ya ake aiki da ita?

Hukumar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Fifa ta fara amfani da na'urar (VAR) a hukumance a shekarar 2018, inda shugaban hukumar Gianni Infantino ya yaba da ita a matsayin wata sabuwar fasaha da za ta taimaka wa alkalan wasa "yanke hukuncin da ya dace".

A taƙaice dai, yin amfani da fasahar bidiyo ne don tallafa wa alƙalan wasa a filin wasa a lokacin wani abu ya faru da ba su iya gani a lokacin da ya faru ba, wanda kuma ya kai ga an yi kuskure a yanke hukunci da zai yi tasiri kan wasan.

Fasahar ta bai wa alƙalan wasa damar yin bitar bidiyo daga kyamarori da dama sannan su yanke hukunci kan ko sun yi kuskure a hukuncin da suka yanke.

Ana amfani da ita a cikin gasa sama da 300 a faɗin duniya, a cewar Fifa.

Tawagar alƙalan wasa na nazarin bidiyo a ɗakunan gudanar da ayyukan bidiyo da ke nesa da ainihin filayen wasa - a fagen gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2026, an ajiye su a wata cibiyar watsa labarai a birnin Dallas.

Ana iya umurtar alƙalan wasa don kallon bidiyon da suka dace akan talabijin namusamman da aka ajiye a gefen filin wasa. Alƙalin wasa da ke cikin filin zai yanke hukunci na ƙarshe bayan ya yi wannan bitar.

Shin za a iya amfani da ita wurin warware kowane irin lamari?

Kafin gasar 2026, ana iya amfani da na'urar VAR ne kawai a yanayi huɗu: cin ƙwallaye, yanke hukunci kan bugun fenariti, abubuwan da suka faru na jan kati da kuma magance kuskure wurin gane ƴan wasa.

Na biyar, wanda Fifa ta bayyana a matsayin "bayar da bugun kusurwa bisa kuskure", an ƙara shi cikin jerin al'amuran, kuma yanzu ana amfani da VAR don duba idan an bayar da katin gargaɗi na biyu wanda zai zama jan kati.

VAR ba ta da wani tasiri wajen tantance ko ƙwallon ta ketare layi ko a'a. Wani tsarin yana duba wannan ta hanyar amfani da na'uran da aka sanya a cikin ƙwallon don sanar da alƙalan wasa kai tsaye ta hanyar agogon da suke sanye da shi a hannunsu.

Yaushe aka fara amfani da VAR kuma tana sauya hukunce-hukuncen alƙalin wasa?

An fara amfani da na'urar VAR ne a gasar cin kofin duniya da aka yi a Rasha a shekarar 2018 kuma ta shiga tsakani sau 20 a wasanni 64.

Ta sauya hukunce-hukuncen alƙalai sau 17, ciki har da muhimmin lamari a wasan ƙarshe: lonacin da Faransa da Croatia su ke kunnen doki 1-1 na'urar ta sa alƙalin wasa ya sauya hukuncin da ya yanke daga taɓa ƙwallo da hannu a wajen da'ira ta 18 zuwa ya sauya ya bayar da bugun fenariti.

Faransa ta zura ƙwallon, inda ta shige gaba da ci 2-1 a wasan da daga ƙarshe ta lashe da ci 4-2.

A Qatar, shekaru huɗu bayan haka, an yi amfani da VAR sau 27. Lokacin da aka bai wa alƙalin wasan shawarar ya duba na'urar gefen fili , alƙalin wasa ya suya hukuncinsa a dukkan lokuta ban da sau biyu kacal.

Ya ya ake amfani da ita a gasar bana?

Ganin cewa har yanzu gasar ta bana ba ta ƙare ba, babu cikakkun bayanai. Amma wani bincike da Dale Johnson, wakilin sashen wasanni ba BBC kuma ƙwararre kan VAR ya yi, ya gano cewa alƙalan wasa sun je wurin na'urar sanya ido a filin wasa sau 23 a wasanni 96 da aka buga zuwa yanzu a wannan gasar cin kofin duniya mai tsawo (jimilla wasanni 104).

Shiga tsakani ɗaya ne kawai bai yi sanadiyar sauya hukuncin alkalin wasa na farko ba.

"A makon da ya gabata ne Pierluigi Collina, shugaban alƙalan wasa na Fifa, ya jaddada muhimman ƙa'idoji da aka bai wa jami'ansa," in ji Johnson.

"An gaya wa alkalan wasa su bar cudanya tsakanin ƴan wasa da bai wuce misali ba, don bari wasanni su gudana cikin sauri."

Sakamakon haka, kwararren ya ƙara da cewa, gasar cin kofin duniya ta 2026 ta kuma ga ƙarancin bugun tazara da aka bayar a kowane wasa (22.6) idan aka kwatanta da gasa biyu da suka gabata (25 a 2022 da 27 a 2018). Johnson ya ce rashin amincewa da cin da Masar ta yi, VAR bai yi daidai ba da yadda ake yin alƙalancin wasa a gasar ba zuwa yanzu.

"Idan kuna barin waɗannan al'amuran su tafi a filin wasa, to dole ku yi haka da VAR."

Sai dai kuma Johnson bai ga dalilin cece-kuce da ake yi kan lamarin Salah ba.

"Salah yana cikin da'ira ta 18, don haka VAR tana tantance ko za ta yanke yiwuwar hukuncin bayar da bugun fenariti- wanda anm fi maya da hankali a kandsa fiye da ƙetar da aka yi a wasu sassan filin wasa.''